The Keynesian Theory and the Great Depression free essay sample

An investigation of the hypotheses of financial specialist John Maynard Keynes and their associations with the Great Depression. The paper talks about the speculations of John Maynard Keynes who is known as the dad of present day financial aspects. He was the main market analyst who decisively depicted a portion of the causes and remedies for downturns and sorrows. The paper investigates a portion of the impacts his hypotheses had on the Great Depression, for example, the Employment Act and the Council of Economic Advisors. It additionally shows the impacts of his speculations on World War II and gives a course of events to the Great Depression. In this manner, as indicated by Keynes, the arrangement that he purchased through his hypothesis was for the legislature to goose up its spending in any capacity it can either by printing cash, cutting duties, or expanding spending itself. He had confidence in flexibly and request, which was an aberrant method to let the economy balance itself. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Keynesian Theory and the Great Depression or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In his hypothesis he not just persuaded that so as to work for this framework to work individuals required cash, which must be finished by making employments. He further accepted that so as to lessen joblessness the administration expected to build the complete interest, which is the aggregate sum of merchandise being requested.

The effect of visual obstructions on the sexual behaviour of guppies Essay

The impact of visual deterrents on the sexual conduct of guppies - Essay Example In this manner, so as to increase a superior comprehension of the advancement of explicit, expound optional sexual attributes, it is imperative to contemplate the natural elements and conduct systems that may impact the result of sexual determination. These progressions may in this manner influence the developmental result of sexual determination. This paper sums up the distributed article by Hibler and Houde entitled â€Å"The impact of visual hindrances on the sexual conduct of guppies: the significance of privacy†. The examination group analyzed the impact of living space structure on the sexual conduct of male and female guppies, Poecilia reticulata. The group tried whether the capacity of guys to watch the romance exercises of different guys influences the recurrence of romance impedance by male guppies, and whether this thus influences the sexual conduct of virgin females cooperating with these guys. They tried these expectations by controlling the structure of guppy environments in the research center utilizing dark hindrances and watching the impact of such visual deterrents on male romance and obstruction conduct, just as on female sexual responsiveness to male shows in exploratory gatherings of guppies. The aftereffects of the analyses were scored and the obstruction practices as either ‘fend-offs’ or ‘chases’. Information for male gatherings that were tried with both virgin and non-virgin females were examined utilizing ANOVA to decide the impact of both treatment and conceptive status (virgin versus non-virgin) on male showcase and obstruction practices with male gathering as a blocking factor. For preliminaries including non-virgin females, ANOVAs containing a request impact were additionally completed for pursues, battle offs and shows. The aftereffects of this examination bolster the first forecasts made by the investigation bunch that visual obstacles decrease male obstruction conduct and increment female responsiveness

Professor Glenn Denning, MPA-DP Program Director, giving the keynote address for the One World Festival COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Professor Glenn Denning, MPA-DP Program Director, giving the keynote address for the One World Festival COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Last week Professor Glenn Denning, our MPA-DP Program Director led a public talk at  #OneWorldFestival  event at Queen’s University, Belfast. Professor Denning discussed how the world can build a sustainable food supply system in a time when an ever-increasing population is to reach 10 billion by 2050. As he put it: “It’s not rocket science â€" we have all the knowledge we need. What we need to do is invest pro-actively and strategically or we face the catastrophe of famine and extreme environmental degradation we have all been warned about. Read more on what Professor Denning shared before the audience of the event here. Learn more about the  MPA-DP Program.  Follow us on: Instagram: @columbiasipa_mpadp Twitter: @ColumbiaMPADP LinkedIn Facebook

The Scopes Trial And Creationism - 1053 Words

Creationism and Evolution have always been a topic in America since the Scopes Trial. The Scopes Trial took place in 1928 when the Supreme Court was deciding whether schools should teach Evolution or Creationism. The foundation of evolution is based upon the belief that the origin of all ordered complex systems, including living creatures, can be explained by natural laws without the intervention of God. In that trial the Supreme Court came to a conclusion that Evolution was banned and that creationism should be taught. However, this opinion changed in 1968 with the Epperson vs. Arkansas trial. Although evolution and creationism are theories, one of them should be taught in public schools. In my opinion Evolution should be taught in school but so should Creationism. I think students should be able to choose which theory to learn in school. None of either theory should be forced on students. The argument between teaching each one is that Evolution is a proven historically fact according to the National Academy of Sciences. The majority of those people who desire for creationism to be taught in the public schools cite that it is scientific. They push for the teaching of creation science which is defined as scientific evidence for creation and the inferences from that evidence (Tatina 275). The inferences from that evidence are sudden creation of the universe from nothing, recent formulation of the earth, creation of man and other biological kinds, a worldwide flood, andShow MoreRelatedOutcome of The Scopes Monkey Trial Essay1562 Words   |  7 PagesThe Scopes Trial, formally known as The State of Tennessee vs. Scopes but given the nickname â€Å"The Monkey Trial†, has been credited as starting the popular legal dispute between evolution and creationism in the court, and its impact in the 20’s was immeasurable. The interpretation of the case is just as popular, if not more, than the actual result of the case. The worldwide attention and media coverage the case received produced many opinions. Scholar’s opinions range from describing the case asRead MoreCreationism vs. Evolution Essay1170 Words   |  5 Pagesthinkers such as Galileo, Copernicus, Bacon, Descartes, and many others who challenged the biblical assumptions with empirically deduced scientific theories. The Catholic Church had a nasty habit of persecuting such ideological dissent toward creationism, calling it heresy and thereby somewhat suppressing a complete upheaval of the Scriptures. For many centuries to come, the scientific research grew and developed into theories like the Big Bang and evolution, though primarily in places where suchRead More Individual Liberty Versus Majoritarian Democracy in Edward Larson’s Summer For the Gods878 Words   |  4 PagesMajoritarian Democracy in Edward Larson’s Summ er For the Gods The Scopes trial, writes Edward Larson, to most Americans embodies â€Å"the timeless debate over science and religion.† (265) Written by historians, judges, and playwrights, the history of the Scopes trial has caused Americans to perceive â€Å"the relationship between science and religion in . . . simple terms: either Darwin or the Bible was true.† (265) The road to the trial began when Tennessee passed the Butler Act in 1925 banning the teachingRead MoreCreationism : A Theory Of Primordial History1585 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the most discussed and debated phenomena in the history of education is that the hypothetical concept of evolution which can be considered as a theory of primordial history, moreover with the belief of creationism. Both have had an astounded impact in the framework of contemporary education should or should not be taught in the public classroom. Evolutionists and Creationists both have their reasons why their beliefs should be taught in the public classroom. The matter of the fact is thatRead MoreThe Theory of Evolution and Creationism Debate The subject on what goes into public school1700 Words   |  7 Pages The Theory of Evolution and Creationism Debate The subject on what goes into public school textbooks have always been an intense debate. Recently Bill Nye the Science Guy and Ken Ham held a debate on this topic on February 4, 2014 which gain over two million views. Which raised the question is creationism a viable model of origin in today’s modern scientific era (Ken Ham)? In order for one to answer this question accurately first one would need to know why this question is significant. Then theyRead MoreCharles Darwin s Views On Evolution And Evolution1275 Words   |  6 Pagestwo or more events, in which the occurrence of one, precludes the occurrence of the other. Creationism and evolution are two notions that can be viewed as mutually exclusive or non-mutually exclusive, depending on the evidence that you are provided with as well as one’s personal beliefs. In order to appreciate this concept it is important to understand the meanings of both opposing arguments. Creationism is the belief that the universe and living creatures originate from specific acts of divineRead MoreThe Controversy Over Creationism And Evolution1415 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The controversy over Creationism and Evolution is a widely debated topic, especially when it comes to what is being taught in the biology classrooms in public schools today. It may be hard to imagine, but just over 100 years ago the curriculum and beliefs would have looked dramatically different. One central court case that created a spark of bringing evolution to public schools was the infamous Scopes trial of 1925 in which science teacher John Scopes challenged Tennessee state law andRead MoreScience And Religion : A Very Short Introduction1198 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"Darwin and Evolution† and â€Å"Creationism and Intelligent Design,† Science and Religion: A Very Short Introduction (pp. 58-103) by Thomas Dixon The author, Thomas Dixon explains Evolution and creationism in separate chapters in his book, â€Å"Science and Religion: A Very Short Introduction.† The evolution chapter talks about the history of Charles Darwin’s evolution, its challenges of the root of all living creatures as started in the Bible and it effect it has brought in American society. In the chapterRead MoreEssay on Inherit the Wind: Religion vs. Science1107 Words   |  5 Pagesexamines a trial based on the 1925 Scopes trial in Dayton, Tennessee. Often referred to as The Trial of the Century (Scopes Trial Web Page), the Scopes trial illuminated the controversy between the Christian theory of creation and the more scientific theory of evolution. John Scopes, a high school biology teacher, was arrested for illegally teaching evolutionism to his class. The meaning of the trial emerged because it was seen as a conflict of social and intellectual values (Scopes Trial WebRead More`` Alien Notion `` B y Chip Rowe1246 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to Chip Rowe, after the Supreme Court ruled that teaching biblical creationism in public school is a violation of church and state, creationist have been divided into two groups. One group called â€Å"young earthers† believe a literal interpretation of Genesis in the Bible, while the other group developed a new way to â€Å"sneak God into the classroom† by creating intelligent design or as Rowe describes it â€Å"creationism after a shower and a shave†. The creationist behind intelligent design avoid

Better School Programs for Mental Health - 922 Words

Currently in today’s society, coming out as gay is easier than admitting to a serious mental problem. This effect puts a burden on teens who suffer from problems and don’t know where to go; which led to the increase of teen suicides as seen in the media. In the average classroom size, about three of the twenty-four students have depression; not mentioning other common disorders such as bipolar disorder, panic disorder, ADHD, conduct disorder, and eating disorders. Without better programs in schools to prevent and inform about mental disorders, the current taboo on them, the bullying of students suffering, and the romanticization of diseases will continue to increase the negative effect mental disorders have on teens. The media may have†¦show more content†¦Graham Thoricraft, a professor of community psychiatry, released in a study that people with mental illnesses will change their expectations of social encounters and conceal their illness to avoid discrimination (Thoricraft). This starts a circle of exclusion and ignorance in the public and acts against the mentally ill will continue to happen. In schools alone bullying occurs among those suffering and pushes them farther away from recovering. Bullying in schools both increases the taboo involved with mental health, but also causes the problems in students itself. Because of being bullied those suffering will often avoid school as to not face their aggressors. The Jed Foundation, a program to promote emotional health and prevent suicide, speaks about how â€Å"Every day, nearly 160,000 students skip school because they fear being bullied. Two out of three students have witnessed a bullying incident, and a quarter of students have been bullied themselves† (The). By avoiding school, students’ self esteem plummets and they only continue to avoid their problems later on in life. Also, the effect of bullying also affects the aggressors themselves throughout their lives. Chelsea Perugini of the US Department of Health and Human Services reports how â€Å"Youth who bullied were at risk for antisocial personality disorder. Youth who bullied who were also victims of bullying were at a higher risk forShow MoreRelatedE valuating The Effectiveness And Capture The Experiences Of Adolescence That Went Through A School Based Mental Health Program1406 Words   |  6 Pagesof adolescence that went through a school based mental health program in Sweden. The majority of programs that have been implemented for depression are cognitive behavioral therapy based. Garmy points out that in Sweden students are mandated to go through nine years of education that is nationally controlled learning curriculum but that local school districts may also install extra activities such as mental health promotion and prevention programs. The program that the author evaluates is the DepressionRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Mental Illness1182 Words   |  5 PagesThis phrase could also be applied to mental illness, as many illnesses such as anorexia have frighteningly high mortality rates but often go undetected or undiagnosed for extended periods of time. In addition to their danger, mental illnesses are widespread, with 21.4 % of youth experiencing a severe mental disorder at some point during their life (National Alliance of Mental Illness, 2016). The prevalence of mental illness has raised questions of how better to provide healthcare to populationsRead MoreOccupational Therapy1053 Words   |  5 Pagesoccupational therapists. Occupational therapy in the mental health setting is one environment that has grown in popularity over the last decade. Knowing the benefits of occupational therapy in this setting, and the expansion of clients needing occupational therapy services, more funding needs to be established in this setting. In March 2014, the Protecting Access to Medicare Act was passed and signed. This included provisions of the Excellence in Mental Health Act. It is a demonstration project, consistingRead MoreThe Action Area Is Aimed At Improving The Knowledge And756 Words   |  4 Pagesto enhance their own wellbeing by making better informed decisions. Beyondblue incorporate the developing personal skills action area into their initiative through the ‘Aspire, Achieve, Affect’ program1. This program is aimed at primary school kids and entails AFL players visiting the primary school and interacting with the kids. This positions, the AFL players as role models for the kids removing the sense of isolation from peers. Furthermore, the program teaches students how to interact sociallyRead MoreChild Poverty And Its Effects On Children s Adjustment1473 Words   |  6 Pagesmajor issue in the United States. Poverty can be associated with violence, abuse, malnutrition, problems with learning ab ility and school achievement and inadequate healthcare, which can negatively affect the developmental process of a child. Poverty indirectly impacts children’s adjustment and the ability to successfully adapt in the environment. This can affect the health of children and lead to psychological disorders. While it seems impossible to completely eliminate childhood poverty, there areRead MoreThe First Lady. Obama1550 Words   |  7 Pagesabout. Michelle Obama is a very smart woman and she is trying to get people to see that having good health can help them succeed. In all actuality she is there and doing somethings that other First Ladies have not done and is which in some ways she is a great First Lady. She is a woman to look up to for a few reasons. Michelle Obama has been working to help people and bring awareness to mental health issues. Some people may ask why they should listen to her. According to Barbara O Dair, MichelleRead MoreWhy School Nurses Must Required More Mental Health Training1004 Words   |  5 PagesSchool Nurses Require More Mental Health Training This article attempts to establish that it is imperative for all school nurses to be properly trained in mental health issues. Ensuring they have the confidence needed to recognize the early signs of mental issues so they may support and intervene in a cohesive manner. The reason this article is important to mental health nursing is that it relates to many newly graduated registered nurses, who may feel inadequate in assessing mental health illnessesRead MoreBecoming A Social Worker : Rutgers University1593 Words   |  7 Pagesaddiction and mental health problems. I have seen how damaging these experiences can be on an individual. I have also witnessed the effects these experiences can have on family relationships. My personal occurrences have instilled in me a further desire to become a social worker. Rutgers University is a very well known and respected university. I have heard remarkable things about their School of Social Work as well as their MSW program. When beginning to look at graduate programs my first priorityRead MoreMy Project Of Volunteering At The Orchard Place, A Children s Mental Health Facility1281 Words   |  6 Pagesneed I am trying to fulfill is bettering the mental health of children who have had a rough upbringing. I want to know how home life influences a child’s mental health, where children can go to receive help if they need it, and how I can better their mental health to make up for what is lacking in their home life. The domain I am going to focus on is the mental domain. This ties into my project of volunteering at the Orchard Place, a children’s mental health facility. With my project, I can learn howRead MoreThe And 643 Poster Presentation1559 Words   |  7 PagesUniversity of North Carolina - Greensboro Prevention Mental Health Screening is broadly defined by NCBI as â€Å"†¦a two-part process that first identifies risk factors or early phenotypic features (behaviors, bio-markers) whose presence in individuals makes the development of psychological or behavioral problems more likely, and then segments the relevant subset of the population to receive a unique preventive intervention† (NCBI, 2009). Mental illness is also desribed as a term that â€Å"†¦ has been expanded

Oedipus Complex in Hamlet Free Essays

Oedipus Complex in Hamlet In Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Hamlet’s personality can be explained by the Oedipus Complex. Throughout the play there are many times where he proves that he has Oedipus Complex. Oedipus Complex was not around at the time that that Hamlet was written. We will write a custom essay sample on Oedipus Complex in Hamlet or any similar topic only for you Order Now It just shows that Shakespeare saw the same personality complex’ as Freud. Freud first named the Oedipus Complex Theory in his book , An Interpretation of Dreams, in 1899. Freud states â€Å"The child takes both of its parents, and more particularly one of them, as the object of its erotic wishes. Freud explains that it is normal to have sexual desires for the parent of the opposite sex. These are normal in children and usually dissipate after the age of five. When these sexual desires do not go away and they continue into adulthood this is when someone would be considered to have an Oedipus Complex. When there is a sexual desire for the mother, as Hamlet did, a rivalry is formed between the father and the son. Hamlet’s father is in a form of a ghost, that only he can communicate with. He was murdered while Hamlet was away at school. When he returns he finds his mother, Gertrude, remarried to his father’s brother Claudius. This infuriates Hamlet, and brings out his repressed Oedipus Complex. This drives Hamlet crazy. He is consumed and outraged by this incestuous marriage. Now I use the word incestuous because in those days it was considered incest to marry your husband’s brother. What needs to be explained is exactly what Hamlet it is upset over. It is to be assumed that he is outraged because Claudius has replaced his own father’s place next to his mother. This is not the case. Hamlet is upset because Claudius has taken his place next to his mother. Hamlet’s deepest wish is to be king and his mother, Gertrude, queen. Thus proving the Oedipus Complex theory further. Children will have feeling of hate toward the parent of the same sex this theory states. Hamlet has many hateful tendencies towards both of his fathers, Hamlet, the Prince of Denmark, and Claudius. We know from reading the play that Hamlet’s father was not affectionate or spend any quality time with him. He spent a lot of time at war. Although he had anger towards him, he could never show it. He repressed it. For Claudius on the other hand, Hamlet’s feelings of hatred are expressed much more openly. Hamlet internally fights with his feelings towards Claudius. His father has come to him as a ghost, telling him that Claudius is responsible for his murder. Hamlet must avenge his father, but struggles to do so. Subconsciously, Hamlet identifies with Claudius. Hamlet envies Claudius for killing his father and taking his position next to Gertrude. This is everything Hamlet has subconsciously wanted to do. So in essence he cannot kill Claudius because, in part, he would be killing himself. Hamlet is consumed with thoughts of his mother having sexual relations with Claudius. A very significant part of the play is Act III Scene IV. This is where Hamlet and his mother meet in her closet. The closet is very meaningful because this signifies hiding. The bedroom is significant because this is where private situations occur. Maybe Shakespeare played out this important scene in the bedroom to show the sexual feelings Hamlet has for his mother. In this scene Hamlet confronts his mother about her relationship with Claudius. He does not come off as a son asking concerning questions towards his mother. He acts jealous while he asks her how she can stand to be touched by him. These are not normally son to mother questions. He is explicit in what he says and concentrates of her sexual acts between her and Claudius. You could explain it more as an obsession. At the end of this scene it is obvious that Hamlet is jealous of the attention Gertrude is giving Claudius. Hamlet, as a child, would have found pleasure in these feelings towards his mother, but now it is a feeling of disgust. This further proves the Oedipus Complex Theory. Hamlet is so consumed with his mother’s relationship with Claudius. He in turns shows similar feelings towards Ophelia. He toys with her emotions as he feels Gertrude toys with his. Throughout the play Hamlet is struggling with his repressed feelings towards his mother, his hatred for his fathers, and avenging his father. The same reason he could never act out on his hatred for his father is the same reason he must avenge him. It is his moral code. He struggles with avenging his father though because he is so focused on the incestuous relationship between his mother and Claudius. He can’t truly avenge his father until Gertrude dies. At that time the Oedipus Complex is released and he is able to carry out his duties and kill Claudius. How to cite Oedipus Complex in Hamlet, Papers

Opportunities and threats in Woolworths-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Evaluate the Opportunities and threats that exist for your chosen Organisation. Answer: Introduction Woolworths is one of the famous and largest supermarket chain located in Australia and the firm is owned by the Woolworths Limited. Woolworths was established in the year 1924 and initiated with a store in Sydneys Imperial Arcade. The stated company was founded by Stanley Edward Chatterton and his partner Percy Christmas had started the first floor shop of Frock Salon in Queen Victoria Market. On 22nd September in the year 1924, the company got registered as Woolworths limited. About 15000 shares were given to public even if there was small confidence in the business firm(Woolworths in the community, 2006). And only 11707 shares got subscribed by 29 people by those who are close relatives and friends of promoters. The store was an immediate success as in its initial year the firm waged a dividend of 5%, in the second year 40% and in the third year about 50%. Today, the company sells a wide range of products that includes digital products, food, home ware and also clothing. The company also has a financial service in a joint venture with Absa bank. The financial service includes services like store cards, Woolworths visa card and also loan service to customers. This report will demonstrate the market segments and target market of the stated organization with the help of PESTEL analysis. It will also show the nature of competition of the company by describing the strengths and weaknesses of the firm with their competitors. Growth Woolworths is a strong business with lots of growth potential and the firm is already aware of the challenges it confront to realize that potential. The company always places its customers at the core of their heart and it has updated their operating framework for indicating evolving customers demands and expectations(Walsh, 2011). Woolworths has framed its three year growth and development strategy on the basis of a new Lean Retail operating framework. This model allow investment in developing all factors of the customers demand that includes a commitment to pioneering, better convenience, lower costs and improved and modified customer services. The company uses Lean Retail framework which establish according to their traditional approach of driving growth through searching competence, as well, as by investing in customers with a simple recognition that the approach requires to be modified to a modern world("Woolworths Group", 2017). The Lean Retail Model of Woolworths mainly focuses on three areas for reducing the cost, those three areas are growing customers, improving cost efficiency and cost position through conducting original dollar costs out in less inflation situation("Woolworths Group", 2017). As it is known that price is the most effective key for growth, so the firm invests in ensuring that it will not be compressed on price but customers are now demand for major use of technology and modern offers to make their shopping experience enjoyable and easier. Profitability Woolworths mainly focuses in the supermarkets, liquor and food as all this business sector is the large contributor to the companys revenues. The sale of the company has been increasing continuously from 2015-2017 and the enhancement in the sale has been steady from $47,034 in 2015 to $54,142 in 2017. The launch of a new framework Lean Retail model helps the company to concentrate on line items, end-to-end supermarket improvements in supply chain management and also on reorganization("Woolworths Limited Business Case and Beyond", 2017). The company has taken huge reformation activities for launching supply chain effectiveness and costs saving practices. This is simply proved from the matter that cost savings of Woolworths have been predicted to around $0.8 billion in the past 10 years. With the effectiveness and rationalization initiated in the non-food department, it has been estimated that there cost savings could be increased in the future(Walsh, 2011). The major accomplishment f or Woolworths is the declination in the cost of goods sold. This simply highlights the effectiveness in sales and the major exchange rate of receivables to cash. The higher revenue growth can be credited to the development in customer share at Australian supermarket. With the launch of online shopping facility and through its goodwill in the market, allows the company to access as a large team of population. Online sales are the large contributor to the revenues and profitability of the company and in the future food and liquor will continue to be the major revenue contributors to the company("The Australian Food Industry - Retail Sector: Woolworths", 2017). It has been observed from the data that, food and liquor contributed around 36176 in 2015 which is increased by 4% i.e. 34675 in the year 2017. So, it can be said that food and liquor sector will continue to be the competitive benefit and for profitability in the future and Woolworths should concentrate on increase its potential for this sector. PESTEL Analysis Political- The political situation affects the performance of Woolworths to a huge level. Australian Federal Government has currently introduced a competition rule that prevents large independent company like Woolworths in eliminating rivalry. Economic- Declination in the situation of economic situation in Australia has an impact over the performance of Woolworths specifically because there has been the reduction in the economic activity in Australian markets. Social- The social factor affects Woolworths in terms of that, the companies operating all around the Australia have to gain higher communal and societal growth as the current social trends into consumers involves that they mainly prefer socially accountable companies and Woolworths create important influence over its consumers. Technological- Technological factor affects the Woolworths as it can be observed from the fact that the company has determined the claim of green refrigeration technology so that the unpreserved goods can be reserved for long term period. Environmental- The environmental factors influences Woolworths in the sense that the petrol and winemaking business of Woolworths are pretence unfavorable threats on the activities of environmental situations. Legal- The legal aspect in the term of carbon tax as executed all over the Australia has effected certainly Woolworths("The Australian Food Industry - Retail Sector: Woolworths", 2017). An evaluation of Woolworths shows that the policy by Australian Consumer Commission has affected the performances of the firm all over the economy. Market segments A market segment is a group of individuals that shares one or more same characteristics, combined together for the marketing purpose. Each and every market segment of Woolworths is quite unique and the firms management uses different criteria in order to create a target market for their services and products. Marketing expertise method each segment distinctly after completely understanding the personality, demands, lifestyle and needs of the target customers. For meeting the basic criteria of market segment, Woolworths presents uses three characteristics of criteria, firstly, there are homogeneity between the same needs of the segment(Stiegert Kim, 2009). Secondly, there are different needs that form the segment unique from others. And lastly, there are also needs of a common reaction that predictable to marketing. Segmentation Market segmentation includes segmenting a market into groups with different needs and demands("Price Determination in the Australian Food Industry", 2017). Segmentation strategy is a concept which helps in creating a dominant position, which rivalries are unable to get that position successfully. Woolworths segmentation variables are described in the following: Geographic segmentation- Woolworths, apart from its base situation in Australia, also operates in 13 international markets. A segmentation of the market is accordance with the way country is going on and major attention is delivered to the particular needs of every geographic segments("Price Determination in the Australian Food Industry", 2017). Additionally, subdivision is formed among the local markets and cities of every nation to implement its products to local situations. Demographic segmentation- Demographic segmentation is related to the variables like sex, family size, stage of life, age, education, income, social class and many more. Woolworths conduct this information from the Woolworths Club card in combination with the data of the same user and also help the company to classify their customers based on their particular needs(Klan, 2007). Psychographic segmentation- Woolworths acknowledged the original psychological wants of the customers and selects to cover up those for which the customer really cares(Klan, 2007). So the company has created various different lifestyle magazines which basically targets to different tastes and personalities of people. Behavioral segmentation- Club card is the main tool which allows Woolworths to establish a extraordinary knowledge of the buying behavior of the customers(Klan, 2007). This involves knowledge of when, where and what customers purchases, their commitment to particular brand, the rate of product utilization and also where customers spend their time in shopping. Target markets The target market of Woolworths is higher income earners. The lifestyle of the customers has to bear the products higher cost. Woolworth targets at social growth and concentrate on the environmental wants of the people in Australia. Woolworths sells its commodities to major ranges of consumers. The main strategy of the company is to raise its share of market in future as well(Economic structure and performance of the Australian retail industry, 2011). The target market of the company aims to attract more people according to a range of age. The advertising targets at every age group of individuals. The company believes that it is essential to sell the commodities to a huge range of customers for gaining competitive benefit. Customers buy and use the Woolworths product for daily use only. So customers does not spend more time on selecting the products and comparing those with the others, as the products are for daily use and easy to find its substitutes. Woolworths can divide the market by business type and customers(E. A., 2016). As the online business has established by Woolworths, the company should focus on the online B2C market. Additionally, the oversea markets like Chinese market will drive attention of huge customers. So, Woolworths should also choose traditional type and online in China as the targets. Nature of competition Woolworths is one of the largest growing retail supermarkets in Australia. So, the retail business of the firm confronts competition for products, customers, store sites, employees and various other essential areas from non-traditional retailers. Woolworths ability for attracting customers is relied in large part upon a brand recognition, quality, promotional strategies and continued development into new markets(Dunford, 2017). Moreover, the nature and extent to which their competitors execute different promotional and pricing activities, in response to enhancing competition and firms response to all these competitive actions. The supply chain service of Woolworths is mainly wholesale distribution and involves a third- party logistics part. The distribution part of the firms supply chain business competes nationally in a major segmented market area, with major domestic and international firms and various smaller firms, according to the transportation and warehousing logistic specialists(Dunford, 2017). The ability to provide asset, non-asset and cost based design manages consumer supply chains. Woolworths as a whole is hugely segmented, particular segments are recently experiencing few consolidations that results in rivalries with hugely developed financial resources, development in their competitive places and major market penetration(Crothers, 2012). Woolworths retailing business can result in the provision of major ranges of services and products at competitive costs by such consolidations firms, which can affect the financial condition of the company. Comparison of Weaknesses and Strengths Woolworths Strength-It is one of the oldest and famous retail brand situated in Australia. It has a powerful branding and many youngsters of the country have started their jobs at Woolworths firstly. The company has large market share and major number of supermarket("Competition Issues in the Food Chain Industry", 2013). The strength of Woolworths is that, the company is the market leader in retail industry of Australia and its leadership position increases the potentiality of the firm in exploiting the market potential by its powerful resources in a technological resources form, better presence around the industry. Weaknesses- Woolworths has its weakness in its growth strategy that mainly affects through external atmosphere situation that has its impacts over it potentiality in dominating the retail industry in Australia. Coles Strength- Coles is the second largest grocery company situated in Australia and mostly controls around 24% of market share in the retail marketing business for mainly petrol. The products produced by the company is 100% cost saving products("Competition Issues in the Food Chain Industry", 2013). The combination of different products offered by Coles leads to a considerable amount of savings for the customers. Weaknesses- Coles faces issues with the suppliers as Australian suppliers are not very good with the supermarkets("Australia Consumer and Retail Trends", 2014). If the company does not have win situation with the major players then it can cause severe damage to the retailers because the suppliers creates the huge backbone of the retailing companies. Comparison As compared to Coles, Woolworths have cheap baskets of groceries in comparison to identical basket at Coles. On the basis of data, it has been identified that a basket of 110 packaged fresh foods and groceries at Woolworths cost $573 in comparison to $586 at Coles("Competition Issues in the Food Chain Industry", 2013). According to the promotional costs, the Woolworths basket is 23% and more cheap that 26% at Coles. Positioning Map According to Wind, a product positioning is the place that a product occupies in the given marketplace as perceived by the relevant groups of customers. Positioning starts with a product, a piece of merchandise, a service, a company or even a person. Positioning is not what is done to a product or retail brand, but it is about the image it has created in the minds of target customers. The positioning of the product is in the minds of the target customers. It is important to state here that in order to create a perception, the product or service of a company must be perceived by the selected target customers to have a distinct image("Australia Consumer and Retail Trends", 2014). As in the case of Woolworths, which is the most trusted and reliable brand in Australia has a great image in front of its primary target customers. The branding strategy is one of the most important factors behind the success of the organisation and each element of the branding strategy of the company is very well managed and implemented. Figure 1: market share of Woolworths Source: ("Australia Consumer and Retail Trends", 2014) Conclusion From the above report it has been analyzed that Woolworths has framed its three year growth and development strategy on the basis of a new Lean Retail operating framework. The sale of the company has been increasing continuously from 2015-2017 and the enhancement in the sale has been steady from $47,034 in 2015 to $54,142 in 2017. It has been also found that Woolworths sells its commodities to major ranges of consumers. The main strategy of the company is to raise its share of market in future as well. The target market of the company aims to attract more people according to a range of age. References Australia Consumer and Retail Trends. (2014). Retrieved from https://www.pma.com/~/media/pma-files/research-and-development/consumer-trends-in-australia.pdf Competition Issues in the Food Chain Industry. (2013). Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/CompetitionIssuesintheFoodChainIndustry.pdf Crothers, L. (2012). Australia Retail Foods. Retrieved from https://gain.fas.usda.gov/Recent%20GAIN%20Publications/Retail%20Foods_Canberra_Australia_6-7-2012.pdf Dunford, R. (2017). STRATEGY FOR SUCCESSFUL ENTRY INTO A CONCENTRATED AND HIGHLY COMPETITIVE MARKET. Retrieved from https://www.anzam.org/wp-content/uploads/pdf-manager/2374_DUNFORD_RICHARD_BSP-01.PDF A., F. (2016). Family Buying Behavior Of Female Consumers In Retail Industry.RA Journal Of Applied Research. https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/rajar/v2i4.01 Economic structure and performance of the Australian retail industry. (2011). Melbourne. Klan, A. (2007). Australian invasion.Journal Of Retail Leisure Property,6(4), 291-293. https://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.rlp.5100071 Price Determination in the Australian Food Industry. (2017). Retrieved from https://www.agriculture.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/ag-food/publications/price-determin/section5.pdf Stiegert, K., Kim, D. (2009). Structural Changes in Food Retailing: Six Country Case Studies.FSRG Publication. Retrieved from https://www.aae.wisc.edu/fsrg/publications/Monographs/!food_retailingchapter2.pdf The Australian Food Industry - Retail Sector: Woolworths. (2017). Retrieved from https://retailsector-woolworths.weebly.com/ Walsh, B. (2011).When the shopping was good. Dublin: Irish Academic Press. Woolworths Group. (2017).CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY STRATEGY 2020. Retrieved from https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/icms_docs/186036_woolworths-group-corporate-responsibility-strategy-2020.pdf Woolworths in the community. (2006). [Bondi Junction, N.S.W.]. Woolworths Limited Business Case and Beyond. (2017). Retrieved from https://www.mga.asn.au/files/zqfksrehmc/woolworths_limited__business_case_and_beyond.pdf

The Effectiveness of Public Relations and Relationship Marketing to the Successful Promotion of Winbeldon Championships

The world has experienced dramatic changes in the way business is conducted and also in the way information on a particular event, occurrence or product is disseminated. The world has also experienced great technological advancements that have given people easy accessibility to information on almost everything that a person may be interested in (Waters, Tindall and Morton 2010).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Effectiveness of Public Relations and Relationship Marketing to the Successful Promotion of Winbeldon Championships specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This, together with the dynamic force of change that constantly face business world, has led to the need for a new approach in the way a business entity carries out its activities in order to have a successful sales campaign for its products. One way that businesses have responded to the changes in the business world is through the increase in public relati on activities which aim at promoting the products to the target markets by engaging in what is valued by the target customers. In public relations, a business aims to achieve the objective of creating a positive relationship between its customers, the product and the organisation itself through various means of communication (Strà ¶mbà ¤ck, Mitrook and Kiousis 2010). It is also aimed at creating a good image for the organisation, managing any crisis that may face a company or its product and also creating goodwill in the eye of the general public. A business can also create an exchange system between business partners and itself with the aim of achieving mutual benefit for both sides of the bargain. This is referred to as the relationship marketing and is aimed at achieving the objective of creating customer loyalty for products offered by the company, interaction between the company and the market it serves, and the retention of the market share commanded by the company (Botan an d Taylor 2004). This objective is achievable through the provision of relevant information to the customers on the products offered by the company and support information about the right usage of such products. This has the ability to create a pool of repeat customers, who are willing to see the success of the company through the provision of relevant information on market needs and referrals. PR as a corporate activity has been impacted heavily by the advancement of technology. With computer terminals having the ability to receive information, edit such information and also to send information, a new approach to PR activities is inevitable. Matters have been complicated by the fact that information on various activities, products, and the industry in general is now available in the data banks over the internet (Grunig 2006).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The advancement o f technology especially in the communication sector has also affected the way of life of societies besides creating a new pool of opportunities for business organisations. One of the opportunities presented to PR activities is the ability to produce personalized information that target a specific market niche. Feedback from the market is now possible and the assessment of the effectiveness of the public relations activities is now possible. Various theories have been proposed to explain public relations. One of such theories is the symmetrical approach which employs the concept of four models. According to this approach, the main objective of the public relations is to champion the interest of the organisation that sponsors public relation activities. This is in contrast with the asymmetrical model proposed early which view public relations as a concept aimed at promoting the interests of both the organisation and the general public. The views of the symmetric approach are considere d not only unrealistic, but also idealistic since by hiring public relation experts, a company aims at the promotion of its interests rather than trying to promote the impression of a perfect organisation in order to win the interest of the stakeholders outside the organisation, who may have different views other than those held by the organisation. Public relations are considered to be based on ethics (Health 2006). However, the question of justification of ethics in term of monetary returns to the organisation arises. Another school of thought that has been advanced to conceptualise public relations is the rhetoric theory. The theory gives rhetoric dialogue as the process through which influence and conclusions can be found. According to Hung (2009), this can be achieved in two ways; one of the ways involves engagement of groups in exchange of statements and counter statements on the products offered, public policies and the services with a view of assessing the way each group vie w values and realities. In this dialogue, the PR professionals and the clients engage in persuasive discourse (Roper, 2005). Rhetoric theory on public relations and the symmetric theory agree on the fact that ethics should be practiced on a level ground. It also supports the views of the asymmetric theory on the assertion of the idea that public policies and ideas should stand in the market place on their own based on merit. However, this view by the proponents’ rhetoric approach is criticized by public relation critics who argue that the rationale proposed by the rhetoric theory fails to make public relations more ethical, unless there is equal distribution of resources to the involved public.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Effectiveness of Public Relations and Relationship Marketing to the Successful Promotion of Winbeldon Championships specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The relational approach to pu blic relations also tries to explain the roles of the public relations to the organisation (Li and Bernoff 2008). This approach takes an organisation and the society at large into perspective and successfully gives the true meaning to public relations. This theory takes into account the relationship that exists between organisations that fund the public relations activities, and the public through which an organisation intends to promote its products, in which openness, efficiency, cooperation, commitment and credibility are enhanced (Sweetser and Metzgar 2007). This approach fails to compare with the other two in as much as the main aspect on the nature of the relationship is concerned. In this case, the relationship in most cases may not be symmetrical. The management of relationship is considered instrumental rather than an approach towards public relations activity. It is considered to be the advancement of goodwill in public relations. Wimbledon Championship draws great interes t in the sporting world. The event which was staged in 2011 was considered to be of great importance given the fact that it was the culmination of the improvement of the Wimbledon tennis lawn which had started back in 1993. This international sporting event has a rich history that dates back in 1977. The first event featured the England tennis croquet club which was started in Wimbledon as a private organisation back in 1865. Initially, the event featured participants from England, but later became an international event attracting participants from as far as the United States of America. The interest to participate in this event in 1954 was boosted by the advancement of air travel technology which made it easier for the international players to participate in the event easily. However the participation remained closed to most countries until 1968 when it was opened for different categories of international players. The reason why the lawn tennis club was closed down for major impro vement was to improve future participation and to reach the standards recommended by the international sports organisations. The 2011 event also involved commemoration of 125 years since the inception of the event. The Wimbledon championship had various stakeholders that included the tennis club members, volunteers, management, press and the tennis club staffs. On the other hand, the event attracted external stakeholders that included international players, federations, general public and spectators from all over the world.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The analysis of the strategies employed by the internal stakeholders reveals a number of important factors. First, there was the formulation of objectives which aimed at keeping these stakeholders focused on the work. This enabled the staffs to concentrate on the goals that had been set for them. There was the establishment of three types of professional programs for the purpose of development by the organisation management for staff members, management and other participants in the preparation of the event (Hallahan 2009). The aim of this development was to create enthusiasm among all internal stakeholders on what they were doing. Some programs introduced were web site based, while others were offered offline and also through seminars and conferences on development. Another key management tool employed by the Wimbledon championship management committee involved the rounding of employees in all departments involved in the preparation of the Wimbledon event (Kim, 2011). There were in teractions between managers and employees, as well as participants and volunteers in the course of execution of work or through informal meetings where small groups of employees would be invited to attend. The aim of this was to improve the relationship that existed between management, employees and volunteers. It also helped to improve the process through which information flowed and ideas exchanged among all internal stakeholders. There was also employment of appreciation and recognition strategy which involved implementation of feasible ideas suggested by the stakeholders. These stakeholders would be recognized and then appreciated in ways that encouraged further participation by all members (Lawson, 2006). The recognitions would mainly be done in meetings or on a one-on-one basis. There was also the creation of a balance between personal life and the work life which allowed members to take part in events such as charity work, physical exercises and voluntary activities in the co mmunity. The organizers of the Wimbledon championship relied on the web site to disseminate information on the progress of the event to the interested parties outside the organisation (Kirby and Marsden, 2005). This web site gave schedules of events that made up the tournament, posted results of completed events and also provided any other information considered important for the success of the event. There was also the establishment of the media room manned by the public relations officers in the organisation. The purpose of this media room was to keep the general public updated on the events that took place in the championship. The messages relayed by the public relations department to the media were always in consistence with the information that was displayed by the organisation on its website. The public was invited to comment on various issues by leaving their comments on the organisation’s website. The organisers of the event also employed press releases to communicate to external stakeholders in order to supplement the online media (Harrison, 2000). Due to the nature of participation which involved international players, the organizers allowed major broadcasters across the globe to air this event. This served as a public relations activity that was aimed at creating a positive image for the event before the eyes of the public. There was also development of documentaries that highlighted important issues about the championship which included the history of the tournament. The Wimbledon event organizers also tried to create positive public relations in the society by engaging in community services and other support activities. Various donations were made to the society by the event organizers with the aim of improving community welfare. A portion of returns from this event was also ploughed back to the society in the form of contribution towards a good course such the sponsorship of junior tennis tournament. The organizers also contributed towards the establishment of the education museum to be used for leisure purposes by students. The event was successful through the employment of both the public relations and the relationship marketing. Through their public relations activities, they were able to win a positive image and generate a high income (Halligan and Shah, 2010). Here, the relationship between the organisation and the public had beneficial outcomes. The event was able to collect high returns and the society was able to benefit from various development projects initiated by the organisation. Reference List Botan, C., H. Taylor, M. 2004. ‘Public Relations: State of the Field’, Journal of Communication. Vol 54 No. 4. Pp 645-661. Grunig, J., E. 2006. ‘Furnishing the Edifice: Ongoing Research on Public Relations as a Strategic Management Function’, Journal of Public Relations Research. Vol 18 No. 2.Pp 151-176. Hallahan, K. 2009. ‘Seven Models of Framing: Implications for Public Relations ’. Journal of Public Relations Research Vol. 11, no. 3, 1999 pages 205-242. Routledge Halligan, B., Shah, D. 2010. Inbound Marketing, get found using Google, social media and blogs. Wiley Sons, Inc, New York. Harrison, S. 2000. Public Relations: an Introduction, 2nd Edition, Thomson: London. Health, R., L. 2006. ‘Onward Into More Fog: Thoughts on Public Relations’ Research Directions’, Journal of Public Relations Research. Vol 18 No 2.Pp 93-114. Hung, C., F. 2009. ‘Exploring Types of Organization–Public Relationships and Their Implications for Relationship Management in Public Relations’, Journal of Public Relations Research. Vol. 17 No. 4.Pp 393-426. Kim, S. 2011. Transferring Effects of CSR Strategy on Consumer Responses: The Synergistic Model of Corporate Communication Strategy. Journal of Public Relations Research. Vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 245-297. Routledge, London. Kirby, J. and Marsden, K. 2005. Connected Marketing. Butterworth-Heine mann, New York. Lawson, R. 2006. The PR buzz factor: how using public relations can boost your business, Kogan Page, London. Li, C. Bernoff, J. 2008. Groundswell, winning in a world transformed by social technologies. Harvard Business Press: London. Roper, J. 2005. ‘Symmetrical Communication: Excellent Public Relations or a Strategy for Hegemony?’ Journal of Public Relations Research.Vol 17 No. 1.Pp69-86. Strà ¶mbà ¤ck, J., Mitrook, M., A. Kiousis, S. 2010. ‘Bridging Two Schools of Thought: Applications of Public Relations Theory to Political Marketing’. Journal of Political Marketing. Vol 9, No. 1-2, 2010 pages 73-92. Sweetser, K., D. Metzgar, E. 2007.‘Communicating during crisis: Use of blogs as a relationship management tool’, Public Relations Review.Vol 33 No. 3.Pp 340-342. Waters, D., R.,Tindall, T., J. . Morton, T., S. 2010. ‘Media Catching and the Journalist–Public Relations Practitioner Relationship: How Social Media a re Changing the Practice of Media Relations’. Journal of Public Relations Research. Vol 22, no.3, pp. 245-267. 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Free Essays on How Martin Luther King Was Influenced By Plato

, the law is right but done in the wrong way. For instances Martin Luther King was arrested for parading with out a permit. Martin Luther King talks so much about unjust and just laws in Letter from Birmingham Jail, it i... Free Essays on How Martin Luther King Was Influenced By Plato Free Essays on How Martin Luther King Was Influenced By Plato Finding something or someone that influences you is hard. But in Martin Luther King case, it seemed a breeze. Martin Luther King’s â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† was influenced by Plato’s â€Å"The Myth of the Cave† in so many ways. Plato talks about living in an underground den, chained against the walls, couldn’t do anything about it. Some being there since childhood. Letter From Birmingham Jail basically the same aspect, it talks about being arrested and thrown in jail for something they believed in, especially Dr. Martin Luther King. He was arrested for believing in non-segregation, freedom of speech, and blacks/whites having the same rights. Like Plato, Martin Luther King talks about using your knowledge as good or evil. But in King’s Letter from Birmingham Jail, people were using what they knew in an evil way. They thought since they had more rights, they could do what ever they wanted, to whom ever they wanted to. Dr. King was fighting for that, he thought there were creative injustice laws. He states in Letter from Birmingham Jail that: â€Å"There are just and unjust laws, a unjust law is a code that a majority inflicts on a minority that is not binding on itself. This is difference made legal, but a just law is a code that a majority compels on a minority to follow that is willingto follow itself. This is sameness made legal.†(Pg. 113) Dr. King goes on give more examples of just and unjust laws. When he states that â€Å"unjust is a code inflicted upon minority which the minority had no part in enacting or creating because they did not have the right to vote†(pg. 113). There are some instances when a law is just on it’s face, but unjust in it’s application; in other words, the law is right but done in the wrong way. For instances Martin Luther King was arrested for parading with out a permit. Martin Luther King talks so much about unjust and just laws in Letter from Birmingham Jail, it i...

Diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Diversity - Essay Example Companies now realize that in order to create a productive environment such differences need to be harnessed in such a manner that everybody feels valued with their talents fully utilized for meeting the organizational goals. This study is an effort to look into such diversities in general. With the female gender rubbing shoulders with their male counterparts in almost all professions, the diversity on account of gender in particular is the one most talked about now a days. An effort would also be made in this study to analyze some cases in which women have been leading an organization. In order to manage an organization, there are a number of key stakeholders like customers, government, environment, human resources etc. Managing other operations and activities become far more convenient if a company is able to manage its human resources effectively. Having a pool of talented and motivated workforce certainly helps the matters. Terry & Franklin (1994) defines management as 'a distinct process consisting of activities of planning, organizing, actuating and controlling performed to determine and accomplish stated objectives with the use of human beings and other resources'. The older schools of thought considered the male workforce fit enough for all types of functions involving varying degrees of stress and strain, the female counterparts was considered delicate to the extent that they were not considered fit enough for such jobs. But times are changing and there are examples which prove beyond doubt that women employees are equally competent to handle any kind of s ituation. The society too has in general accepted this fact, which becomes all the more clear when we find out that there a number of companies where women have been assigned or designated on top posts. Indra Nooyi Indra K. Nooyi, the Chairman and CEO of PepsiCo, world's largest convenient food and beverage companies, is a leading example of how the women power has made its mark in managing the corporate affairs. Coming from a humble background in India, Mrs. Nooyi has traveled a long distance prior to becoming the top decision maker in Pepsi in 2006. She has served on the board of Pepsi since 2001, when she was named as the President and Chief Financial Officer1. Prior to her career with Pepsi, Ms. Nooyi has also served in Motorola as Vice President and Director of Corporate Strategy and Planning besides serving is some other renowned companies. This goes on to show that she has worked really hard to make it to the top post and she did not get the job out of sympathy or partial considerations. Acknowledging her business acumen leading bodies like Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the International Rescue Committee and Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in New York City have nominated her o n their board of directors. A recent study by Forbes, places her on the top of the 13 highest paid female CEOs in America (Kirdahy, 2008). Though, her total compensation is stated to be just about one-fourteenth of the highest-paid male counterpart, yet the process can be stated to have become in right earnest. It is worthwhile here to mention that she comes from a conservative family in India, and yet she has been able to to lead a company without the conservatism coming in the way goes on to prove

Performer is a man of action. He is not somebody who plays another. He Essay

Performer is a man of action. He is not somebody who plays another. He is a doer, a priest, a warrior... What is Acting - Essay Example The works by Aeschylus, Euripides, Sophocles etc, are the treasures of the classical drama. In different times drama has unfolded several new facets that have brought revolution on the stage. In the Restoration era, drama featured absolutely different characteristics. (Jahn, 2003) It became more vulgar and vigorous, portraying the lecherous and degenerated society. The works of Wycherley, Etherege, Moliere enriched this age with their worthy contributions in drama. However, these were mostly comedies. The revenge tragedies such as Thomas Kyd’s The Spanish Tragedy, the Seneca’s bloodthirsty tragedies and many others of this genre, exhibited a gory and violent trait of stage performances. On the other hand in later period the classical notes are represented again, in the Shakespearean drama (both tragedies and comedies) with a close connection with the modern psychoanalytic traits, such as Macbeth, Hamlet, Othello, Julius Ceaser etc. In the later period, nineteenth centur y ushered a whole new schools of drama with several innovative carves in it. The dramatists like G. B. Shaw, Henrik Ibsen, Brecht etc. came up with excellent notions that metamorphosed the entire figure of world drama. The versatility in the genre of drama has kept the definition of acting or performance moving continuously. Each genre exhibited his or her uniqueness. An actor cannot be captured in a certain frame of definition for a very general reason. He/ she always keeps changing their roles according to the drama. He is essentially a ‘doer’ and hence a performer too. Acting is an art that the performer procreates in each moment of his/ her lifetime by giving life to series of characters, and such a performer who cannot be categorized in any definite role because the art of acting is universal. Dissimilar from the actors in ancient Greece, who were honored, it is supposed that the actors of Rome in the

Concepts of Physical Anthropology

Concepts of Physical Anthropology A correlation is also known as a relationship between two or more variables. There are three types of correlation, positive, negative, and no correlation. Positive correlation is when the data of the two variables increase. Negative correlation occurs when one of the variables increases, but the other decreases. And last but not least, no correlation, which shows that neither of the variables has an effect on the other. Different types of data, collected by social scientists, can be put into a scatter plot to identify any relation between the two variables. This cartoon is related to correlation because it shows two penguins discussing whether there is a relation between global warming and film crews. The humour behind this cartoon is that the penguins are not sure if the film crews are the cause of global warming because of the pollution they created or if the film crews are here because of global warming. Objectivity is the lack of favoritism and being equal and fair to both sides of the situation. However, when talking about social sciences, objectivity is when one tries to gather and evaluate information that is approached in a way as free from bias as possible to carry out a fair outcome. This cartoon is related to the concept of objectivity because it shows a marriage counselor as he is telling his two patients how he keeps his objectivity without any biased results. This cartoon is funny because the method the marriage counselor uses to maintain his objectivity is staying single. This tells the reader what he means is that if he was married, he would probably side up with the men because he knows how much of a pain having a wife can be. And so, he tries to not be biased to the women side by not getting married and keeping his objectivity in place. Surveys involve gathering a large number of persons to ask them a particular question or set of questions about their views and attitudes towards something or someone. The survey method is one of many other methods used by social scientists to gather a sample set of data that represents the opinion of a whole. This kind of method can be done by using the Social Science Research Method. The Social Research Science method involves raising a question, posing a hypothesis to the question asked, and then gathering the data by conducting an interview, an experiment, case study, or in this case, a survey. This cartoon is related to the method of surveying because it shows two people asking a man a question and then recording it on a sheet of paper as a way of gathering data. The humour behind this cartoon is that the two men dressed in black look very serious about their job when the question they are asking is simply, â€Å"would you pay $2.99 for the toothpaste?† The expression on the face of the man being surveyed is really funny because he is puzzled whether to take them seriously or not. One of anthropology’s branches is physical anthropology, which is the study of human evolution, human biology, and other primates. Forensic Science is also part of physical anthropology and it uses scientific studies to discover, record, gather, and preserve evidence and clues that might be of some help to establish what occurred based on collected evidence. The evidence gathered from the crime scene can be in the shape of finger prints, bit marks, foot wear, firearms, and many more. These clues can provide the forensic police officers with hints about the criminal and what weapon was used. For example, bite marks can be useful when in need of DNA, foot prints can tell the skin pattern and foot size, which can later be matched with the suspects, and firearms can detect which weapon was used at the crime scene since each gun has a unique rifle mark to it. This cartoon relates to the concept because you can see a dead snowman and two policemen trying to find out who committed th is crime by matching one snowflake to another through DNA, which is an area of expertise to forensic science. The humour of this cartoon is that the snowmen are having a hard time matching DNA because it is known that, â€Å"no two darn snowflakes are alike,† and so it is impossible to solve that crime since snowmen are all made out of snowflakes. Jane Goodall is a British primatologist who is best known for her study of chimpanzees. She began observing chimpanzees by first naming those who were being observed to tell them apart. She gave them names such as Flo, Fifi, Mike, and Flen. She observed them to have unique personalities from one another, and that is when she discovered that humans are not the only beings who have different personalities and behaviours. She made many discoveries about chimpanzees that are very much similar to our human behaviour. She found that chimps make and use tools in a variety of ways, can hunt, and have family relationships. This cartoon gives you an idea about the work Jane Goodall used to do with chimps because you can see that Jane Goodall is the one in the bushes observing someone, who she thinks is a chimp, from far away. The humour in this cartoon is that Bill’s wife notices Jane Goodall staring at her husband, but what’s really happening is that Goodall thinks she is observ ing a chimp when that ‘chimp’ is actually Bill, but he appears to look like a chimp because he is hairy. Evolution is a theory that is based upon physical anthropological indication of bones and fossils. It is the idea that all living things went through a process of continuous transformations from one or few simple life form(s) to more complex ones. According to this theory, it is believed that the earth is 4.5 billion years old, humans appeared 3 million years ago, and the existence of life emerged about 3.3 billion years ago. Charles Darwin played a big role in the influence of the evolutionary theory through the introduction of an assumption of his own, natural selection. Charles Darwin believed that natural selection occurs when a population consists of different individuals with different traits. Some of these individuals have traits that improve the way of survival, and later on get passed on to their offspring. While the species that do not have these traits end up dying off. The assumption that genetic material is passed on from parent to offspring was later on proved genetical ly by Gregor Mendel by the cross-breeding of pea plants. The cartoon chosen to represent this concept is a good example because it shows a person who appears to be asking this family about whether they are evolutionists or not. The humour of this cartoon is that the father of the family is saying that his family doesn’t believe in evolution, which states that we developed from simpler life forms like chimps and apes, but it is clear that they are all up on the tree and hanging around it, acting like apes. Creationism is the belief that all existing forms of life were fully-created in their current state by a superior being of higher power. This theory relies on the faith in one’s religion, and even though each religion has its own way of life, beliefs, and tome, they all involve a creator. Many creationists believe in Christianity, which states that the world was created in six days, and men were created in their current state on the fifth day. This cartoon is related to creationism because it shows a creationist teacher educating his science class about creationism and telling them why the evolution theory is wrong. I find this cartoon funny because of the method the teacher used to prove that evolution was just a misunderstanding. The teacher told his students that God buried fossils all over the place as a way of tricking evolutionists because, as stated in the other cartoon, evolution is based on fossils and bones. And so the teacher is taking advantage of his students beca use they are easily tricked and he appears to be a creationist and wants others to think like him. Creationism is the belief that all existing forms of life were fully-created in their current state by a superior being of higher power. This theory relies on the faith in one’s religion, and even though each religion has its own way of life, beliefs, and tome, they all involve a creator. Many creationists believe in Christianity, which states that the world was created in six days, and men were created in their current state on the fifth day. This cartoon is related to creationism because it shows a creationist teacher educating his science class about creationism and telling them why the evolution theory is wrong. I find this cartoon funny because of the method the teacher used to prove that evolution was just a misunderstanding. The teacher told his students that God buried fossils all over the place as a way of tricking evolutionists because, as stated in the other cartoon, evolution is based on fossils and bones. And so the teacher is taking advantage of his students beca use they are easily tricked and he appears to be a creationist and wants others to think like him. Classical conditioning is one of the two types of conditioning, classical and operant. Conditioning is the process of when one learns a response by being rewarded or punished each time he performs a specific action to make a change in his behaviour or attitude. Classical conditioning was first discovered by a Russian scientist, Ivan Pavlov, by presenting different stimuli along with his dogs’ food. Instead of rattling the dishes, he would ring a bell. After hearing the bell regularly, the dogs became conditioned to it and salivated whenever they heard it. On the other hand, B.F. Skinner, an American psychologist, described operant conditioning to be done by applying a system of reinforcement and punishment to strengthen or weaken a voluntary behaviour. The cartoon shows classical conditioning because there is dog, appears to be one of Pavlov’s, getting help from a psychologist and telling him about the trouble his owner, Pavlov, seems to be giving him at home. I find th is cartoon funny because the dog seems to be so upset that his owner keeps tricking him into thinking he is giving him food, when he is actually just ringing a bell, like the dog is demonstrating in the cartoon and he doesn’t know that he is being conditioned to it. Non-verbal communication is a type of body language that uses gestures, signals, eye contact, facial expressions, position, and territory to communicate without any spoken words. It is said that more than half of communication is done without using words but by using non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communication can come in the form of applause, a node, a smile, or even your body posture. Many things can be interpreted through these forms, for example, giving someone a smile; it can show that you are a friendly person or just simply happy. In this case, sign language is a type of non-verbal communication for it doesn’t need any spoken words and only uses visual gestures and signals to send and receive a certain message to one another. This cartoon demonstrates the use of non-verbal communication because one friend is telling the other about why she decided to go into sign language and the benefit she gets out of it. The amusing part about this cartoon is the part when the one friend says her mom used to tell her, â€Å"If you can’t say anything nice, don’t say anything at all.† This also means she couldn’t say anything nice to people, and saying something is using non-verbal communication, so she decided to get into sign language so she wouldn’t have to say what she has to say to people, but gesture it, and still follow her mom’s words. Intelligence is the ability to learn and understand things in life and know how to deal with difficult situations you are put in. Intelligence can be tested with an Intelligence Quotient test, which is also known as an IQ test. Alfred Binet was the first to develop a valid intelligence test. The IQ test is designed to test your ability to think and reason, it doesn’t test a person’s whole intelligence, but it does test a person’s compenential intelligence, which is also known as â€Å"Book Smarts†. The IQ test isnt only used for finding a person’s intelligence, but it can also help in finiding if somebody has a learning disorder by comparing it with 50% of the population’s score, 24-34 out of 60. This cartoon illustrate the use of intelligence by showing a man that is planning on taking the intelligence test. The humour I found in this cartoon is that the man is asking where he could go to take the intelligence test when it is clearly stated in huge letters on the wall in front of him, but he has no clue. It is funny how the lady on the desk is giving him that â€Å"don’t even bother† look because she can already tell that he wont be passing the test. The word ‘cult’ comes from the Latin word, cultis, meaning to worship. A cult is usually mistaken to be a religious group, but the main differences between a cult and a religion is that cults worship a live person and use methods of deception, manipulation and abuse to get members to join them. They usually aim for people who are going through personal struggles, searching for answers, or just looking towards making the world a better place. These cult recruiters are found everywhere. They target many places, such as: college campuses, beaches, concerts, and malls. There are many methods of deception that cults use to trick people into joining their cult. They get you to believing that you will be guaranteed with happiness, family, equality, and answers if you were to join their cult, but what it does is narrow your world. The cult members worship their leader because he claims to have all the answers and they believe that he is the one to lead them to a better place. Th ere has been many â€Å"Killer Cults† in the past who live together in a group, including The People’s Temple Lead by Rev. Jim Jones , but now a days, cults include normal people who do not live in communes. This cartoon is related to a cult because it shows peanuts being tricked into joining a religion, where â€Å"everybody becomes one†, which sounds a lot like something a cult would say to get you to join. The humour behind this cartoon is that the peanuts have no idea that they will actually all become one and be made into peanut butter. Socialization is the process in which humans obtain their habits, ethics, behaviour, and knowledge about different kinds of topics. Media is known to play a big role in shaping the way we act, and behave in our society, for we are bombarded with it on a daily basis. It is an influential instrument that is used through TV, radios, newspapers, magazines, and the internet. The media can play a beneficial part in our society, for it is a source of education for many, and makes learning more fun. As stated before, it can teach a person how to act, and how ‘normal’ people should behave. In this case, the cartoon relates to how and what boys should and shouldn’t act or use when associated with the society they live in. In the eyes of the media, Barbie dolls should be used by young girls and girls only because they were made for girls, it would be a weird site to see a boy playing with a Barbie doll or in this case, has a Barbie band-aid; it isn’t considered a norm al behaviour because media suggests so. The funny thing about this cartoon is the expression on the child’s face. He is terrified to have a Barbie band-aid because he knows it is for girls and he is scared of people’s judgments, so it looks like as if he rather bleeds to death than have a girly band-aid. Deviance is the act that is done by a person that goes against a social standard or expectation. These standards and expectations are also known as norms, which are rules put up by the society and are normally followed by everyone in that community. If these norms are not followed, it can be considered to be a deviant act or if done frequently, you yourself might be a deviant. Deviant acts can be spotted as to how a person might react to your behaviour. Media attempts to prevent acts of deviants by the use of socialization to teach people the right way to behave. However, Emile Durkheim believes that deviant behaviour has a positive effect on society because it gives one a sense of unity. This cartoon is related to deviance because it shows a dog dressing differently than any other dog, and that shows a deviance act of him because he is noticed by another dog and questioned about his behaviour. The humour behind this cartoon is that I wasn’t expecting a deviant act to come fro m a dog and in the shape it came in. The attitude the dog is giving the dog of higher power and how he said, â€Å"The pants stay on,† sound very funny because dogs don’t wear clothes and he insists to keep them on. Social Institutions are organized structures that help a society function and develop to meet its peoples’ needs. There are five main institutions, this includes: families, economics, politics, educational and religious institutions. Each of these major institutions plays an important role in shaping our society and making it a functional place by assigning a role to each of its members. The educational institution is to provide and transmit knowledge to the younger generation. These basic needs can be met by assigning teachers, administrators, support workers, and other staffs who are eligible and meet the expectations of their roles. Teachers are expected to teach the required curriculum, evaluate students’ work and report on their achievement. This cartoon is related to the social institution of school because it shows a family as they are staring at their child’s report that he received from school. The funny thing about this cartoon is when the child added, â€Å"She skipped right over ‘E’!† Of course she went on to F, there is no such mark as an ‘E’. He also states that it is not fair, which is funny because every student does that just as an excuse to why they got a bad mark.

Mcdonald’s vs. Wendy’s Essay

In today’s era the low carb diets and obsessive exercise routines, people are more careful with food choices, but also there comes the era where fast food restaurants accommodate the need for cheap food quickly. The fast, quick, and easy foods though are unfortunately aren’t always the healthiest choices for the person. There are two fast food restaurants that are now offering healthy menu choices low in fats and carbs without taking away the taste. McDonald’s and Wendy’s both fall under the same category for fast foods but both provide different characteristics in healthier choice menu items. The two fast food restaurants differ considerably but both Wendy’s and McDonald’s offer numerous salad choices. The most incredible breakthrough for these two fast food restaurants was the introduction of the healthier burger alternatives to their menus. Wendy’s one healthier sandwich to offer which is the Ultimate Chicken Grill which only has 6.5 grams of fat when loaded with toppings. Wendy’s is also the leader in various healthier meals. Wendy’s baked potatoes, minus all the large fatty toppings, are a great choice to a healthy meal. While Wendy’s had a selective healthier menu choices for a while, McDonald’s however has begun to offer healthier meal choices. In today’s era, McDonald’s provides a wide variety of healthy alternatives including fruit yogurt parfaits and green apple slices for the children’s menu. McDonald’s healthier sandwich choices include McVeggie Burger, Chicken Fajitas, and Whole Wheat Chicken McGrill. Wendy’s presentation of healthier menu choices is superior. Wendy’s salads are large and fresh with topping sizes appropriate. McDonald’s fails at establishing a superior presentation of healthier food choices. The McDonald’s salads lack in appearance and freshness; the salads appear just to be thrown together and often look like wilted lettuce. Without a knife, eating salads can be overwhelming. The chicken pieces in the salads are sliced but not separated, and need to be broken down. Generally, the McDonald’s salads lack freshness, and presentation. Wendy’s combination of salads has become a popular menu choice. Wendy’s was the first major fast food chain to offer fast food salad as a meal’s main course. Wendy’s offers four salad choices ranging from possessing 3 grams of fat to 30 grams depending on the salad toppings. The variety and quality of these salads has established an outstanding reputation for this restaurant. Reaction to the popularity of salads, McDonald’s is now offering salads as a main course menu choice. As well, in attempt to boast a healthier image. The fat content of McDonald’s salads is also comparable to that of Wendy’s. It is obvious that McDonald’s effectively boasts a variety of decent tasty salads. Finally, several salad choices, meal variety, and good presentation are all considered when evaluating a fast food restaurant. People now days constantly seek easy ways to gain nourishment, with fast food restaurants such as Wendy’s and McDonald’s, making healthier food choices easier. The need to diet has finally become a key selling point for many restaurants.

George and Lennie Comparison Essay

George and Lennie, two extraordinary characters in Of Mice and Men, Similar yet very different. Both Lennie and George rely on their friendship to survive. Lennie depends on his friendship with George to make the correct desisions. George relies on the friendship he has with Lennie in order to plan for the future. While Lennie depends on George, in some ways George depends on Lennie. For example, despite George’s impatience and annoyance with Lennie, and his remarks about how easy his life would be without him, George would lead a much harder life. George always explains to Lennie what is correct and incorrect and makes sure that Lennie behaves. Finally, in order for George to have a future in mind, George needs Lennie. George and Lenny both shared the same type of hard work, and both of them lacked friendship in their lives. Both George and Lenny want something more in life – they are both dreamers. Their similarities lay below the surface where they appear different. George is a small, quick man with well-defined features. A migrant ranch worker, George dreamt of one day saving enough money to buy his own place and be his own boss, living off of the land. The hindrance to his objective is his mentally handicapped companion, Lennie, with whom he has traveled and worked since Lennie’s Aunt Clara, whom George knew, died. The majority of George’s energy is devoted to looking after Lennie, whose blunders prevent George from working toward his dream, or even living the life of a normal rancher. Thus, George’s conflict arises in Lennie, to whom he has the ties of long- time companionship that he so often yearns to break in order to live the life of which he dreams. This tension strains George into demonstrating various emotions, ranging from anger to patience to sadness to pride and to hope. George’s companion, the source of the novel’s conflict. Lennie, enormous, ungainly, and mentally slow, is George’s polar opposite both mentally and physically. Lennie’s ignorance and innocence and helplessness, his childish actions, such as his desire to pet soft things, contrast his physical bulk, making him likeable to readers. Although devoid of cruel intentions, Lennie’s stupidity and carelessness cause him to unwittingly harm animals and people, which creates trouble for both him and George. Lennie is tirelessly devoted to George and delights in hearing him tell of the dream of having a farm, but he does not desire the dream of the American worker in the same way that George does. His understanding of George’s dream is more childish and he grows excited at the possibility of tending the future rabbits, most likely because it will afford him a chance to pet their soft hides as much as he wishes. Nevertheless, a dream is a dream, different for everyone, and George and Lennie share the similar attribute of desiring what they haven’t got. Lennie, however, is helpless to attain his dream, and remains a static character throughout, relying on George to fuel is hope and save him from trouble

An Influx Of New Immigrants - 914 Words

In the nineteenth century, an influx of new immigrants came to America. A majority of these new immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe, as opposed to the northwestern Europeans who came in abundance before them. Between 1820 and 1920, less immigrants with northwestern European origins were coming to America and an increase of immigrants from southeastern Europe, countries in North America, Asia, and Latin America. The new immigrants from Ireland and Scandinavia were different from the previous groups of immigrants. They were not Protestant, and they had different migration patterns. The new group of immigrants had a completely new experience in coming to America than previous groups. A new cultural identity was created and with a new demographic of citizens, the United States would move into a new era of growth. The motivation behind a majority of Irish immigrants in the 1840s and 1850s was famine in Ireland. 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